Avances y Perspectivas en la Búsqueda de Compuestos contra Monogéneos en Piscicultura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19136/ta.a4n1.5763Palabras clave:
helmintos, parásitos, sanidad, acuicultura, pecesResumen
Los monogéneos constituyen uno de los principales grupos de parásitos que afectan a los peces en sistemas de cultivo, debido a su rápida capacidad de transmisión y proliferación. Esta revisión narrativa presenta algunas de las estrategias utilizadas para el control de monogéneos y el desafío que supone el descubrimiento de nuevos antiparasitarios. Aunque diversos compuestos químicos y antihelmínticos han demostrado eficacia contra estos parásitos, su aplicación puede verse limitada por problemas relacionados con toxicidad, posibles impactos ambientales y riesgo de desarrollo de resistencia. Asimismo, diversos compuestos derivados de plantas han sido evaluados como alternativas potenciales, aunque la evidencia disponible muestra resultados variables en términos de eficacia y seguridad. Considerando la gran cantidad de compuestos con posible actividad antiparasitaria y los costos asociados a su evaluación experimental, existe un creciente interés en herramientas que permitan optimizar la identificación y la selección de candidatos prometedores. En este contexto, se discute el potencial de los recursos ómicos, la bioinformática y las aproximaciones computacionales para identificar posibles blancos terapéuticos, analizar interacciones moleculares y priorizar compuestos candidatos antes de realizar bioensayos en peces. Estudios recientes en monogéneos demuestran que estas herramientas pueden contribuir a la identificación de compuestos con actividad antiparasitaria y al descubrimiento más eficiente de nuevos tratamientos.
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