Frecuencia y distribución de patógenos fúngicos que afectan a peces teleósteos de interés comercial: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19136/ta.a3n2.5759Palabras clave:
Fungi, Parasite, Ascomycota, Oomycota, Saprolegnia sppResumen
Actividades como la acuicultura y la pesca brindan empleo y alimento a diferentes poblaciones alrededor del mundo; sin embargo, los peces teleósteos son susceptibles a infecciones fúngicas que comprometen su utilización. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la frecuencia de infección fúngica en peces teleósteos comerciales, a través de una revisión sistemática. Se incluyeron un total de 26 artículos en el análisis de datos; de estos, 1 409 peces fueron identificados como positivos para hongos. Esta interacción incluyó 25 especies de peces teleósteos y 24 especies de hongos. Las principales especies hospedadoras fueron Oreochromis niloticus y Salmo salar con 574 (40,73 %) y 539 (38,25 %) peces positivos, mientras que el hongo más frecuente fue Saprolegnia spp. (882 peces positivos y 62,59 %) a nivel de género y Saprolegnia parasitica (463 peces positivos y 32,86 %) a nivel de especie. En general, los peces positivos fueron de acuicultura (1 265 peces positivos, 89,77 %). Los hongos se identificaron principalmente mediante técnicas moleculares (837 peces positivos, 59,40 %), donde la clase Oomycota fue la más frecuente (1 372 peces positivos, 97,37 %). El perfil de la infección fúngica, así como el análisis de la relación entre peces teleósteos y hongos patógenos, son esenciales para establecer estrategias de monitoreo sanitario para estas infecciones de alto impacto en las poblaciones de peces.
Descargas
Referencias
Afzali SF, Mohd Daud HH, Sharifpour I, Afsharnasab M, Shankar S (2015) Experimental infection of Aphanomyces invadans and susceptibility in seven species of tropical fish. Veterinary World 8: 1038–1044. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2015.1038-1044 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2015.1038-1044
Ali SE, Gamil AAA, Skaar I, Evensen Ø, Charo-Karisa H (2019) Efficacy and safety of boric acid as a preventive treatment against Saprolegnia infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Scientific Reports 9: 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54534-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54534-y
Armwood AR, Cañete-Gibas CF, Dill-Okubo JA, Wiederhold NP, Camus AC (2021) Retrospective study of phaeohyphomycosis in aquarium-housed fish, with first descriptions of Exophiala lecanii-corni and Neodevriesia cladophorae in fish. Journal of Fish Diseases 44: 1563–1577. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13477 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13477
Astell KR, Sieger D (2020) Zebrafish in vivo models of cancer and metastasis. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine 10: 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a037077 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a037077
Austin B (2011) Taxonomy of bacterial fish pathogens. Veterinary Research 42: 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9716-42-20 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9716-42-20
Bone Q, Moore R (2007) Biology of Fishes. Third Edit. Taylor and Francis. New York, USA.
Bricknell I (2017) Types of pathogens in fish, waterborne diseases. In Fish Diseases: Prevention and Control Strategies. Academic Press. London, UK. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804564-0.00003-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804564-0.00003-X
Choudhury TG, Singh SK, Parhi J, Barman D, Das BS (2014) Common fungal diseases of fish: A review. Environment & Ecology 32: 450–456.
Crane M, Hyatt A (2011) Viruses of fish: An overview of significant pathogens. Viruses 3: 2025–2046. https://doi.org/10.3390/v3112025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/v3112025
Dávila-Camacho CA, Galaviz-Villa I, Lango-Reynoso F, Castañeda-Chávez MR, Quiroga-Brahms C, Montoya-Mendoza J (2019) Cultivation of native fish in Mexico: cases of success. Reviews in Aquaculture 11: 816–829. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12259 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12259
De Freitas Souza C, Baldissera MD, Abbad LB, Da Rocha MIUM, Da Veiga ML, Da Silva AS, et al. (2019). Purinergic signaling creates an anti-inflammatory profile in spleens of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella naturally infected by Saprolegnia parasitica: An attempt to prevent ATP pro-inflammatory effects. Microbial Pathogenesis 135: 103649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103649 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103649
Derome N, Gauthier J, Boutin S, Llewellyn M (2016) Fungal Secondary Invaders of Fish. In The Rasputin Effect: When Commensals and Symbionts Become Parasitic. Springer International Publishing. Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28170-4_5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28170-4_5
El-Bouhy Z, Shaheen A, Hassanin M, Mahboub H (2014) Branchiomyosis in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Behiera Governorate with Trials for Treatment. Zagazig Veterinary Journal 42: 29–42. https://doi.org/10.21608/zvjz.2014.60039 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/zvjz.2014.60039
Elameen A, Stueland S, Kristensen R, Fristad RF, Vrålstad T, Skaar I (2021) Genetic analyses of saprolegnia strains isolated from salmonid fish of different geographic origin document the connection between pathogenicity and molecular diversity. Journal of Fungi 7: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7090713 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7090713
FAO. (2021). Top 10 species groups in global aquaculture 2021 (Issue June). www.fao.org/3/%0Ahttps://www.fao.org/3/ca9383en/ca9383en.pdf. Fecha de consulta 12 de ciciembre de 2025.
FAO. (2023). World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2023. In World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2023. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc8166en Fecha de consulta 12 de ciciembre de 2025.
FAO. (2024). The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. In Nature and Resources (Vol. 35, Issue 3). https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/a10e81b3-3fbd-4393-b7b6-6a926915a19a/content Fecha de consulta 12 de ciciembre de 2025.
Gjedrem T, Robinson N, Rye M (2012) The importance of selective breeding in aquaculture to meet future demands for animal protein: A review. Aquaculture 350: 117–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.04.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.04.008
González Razo FDJ, Sangerman-Jarquín DM, Omaña Silvestre JM, Rebollar Rebollar S, Hernández Martínez J, Ayllón Benítez JC (2017) La comercialización de tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) en el sur del Estado de México. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 7: 1985. https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v7i8.131 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v7i8.131
Gozlan RE, Marshall WL, Lilje O, Jessop CN, Gleason FH, Andreou D (2014) Current ecological understanding of fungal-like pathogens of fish: What lies beneath? Frontiers in Microbiology 5: 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00062 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00062
Gu DE, Yu FD, Yang YX, Xu M, Wei H, Luo D, et al. (2019) Tilapia fisheries in Guangdong Province, China: Socio-economic benefits, and threats on native ecosystems and economics. Fisheries Management and Ecology 26: 97–107. https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12330 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12330
Hutton B, Salanti G, Caldwell DM, Chaimani A, Schmid CH, Cameron C, et al. (2015) The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: Checklist and explanations. Annals of Internal Medicine 162: 777–784. https://doi.org/10.7326/M14-2385 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7326/M14-2385
Kalatehjari P, Yousefian M, Khalilzadeh MA (2015) Assessment of antifungal effects of copper nanoparticles on the growth of the fungus Saprolegnia sp. on white fish (Rutilus frisii kutum) eggs. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research 41: 303–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2015.07.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2015.07.004
Khalil RH, Saad TT, Selema TAM, Abdel-Latif HMR (2015) Branchiomyces demigrans Infection in Farm-Reared Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) at Different Localities in Egypt, With Special Emphasis to the Role of Environmental Stress Factors. International Journal of Innovative Studies in Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 1: 15–23. www.arcjournals.org
Kumar V, Das BK, Swain HS, Chowdhury H, Roy S, Bera AK, et al. (2023) Immunomodulatory Potency of Eclipta alba (Bhringaraj) Leaf Extract in Heteropneustes fossilis against Oomycete Pathogen, Aphanomyces invadans. Journal of Fungi 9: 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020142 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020142
Liu Y, Rzeszutek E, Van Der Voort M, Wu CH, Thoen E, Skaar I, et al. (2015) Diversity of aquatic Pseudomonas species and their activity against the fish pathogenic oomycete Saprolegnia. PLoS ONE 10: 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136241 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136241
Mahboub HH, Shaheen AA (2021) Mycological and histopathological identification of potential fish pathogens in Nile tilapia. Aquaculture 530: 735849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735849 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735849
Majeed M, Kumar G, Schlosser S, El-Matbouli M, Saleh M (2017) In vitro investigations on extracellular proteins secreted by Aphanomyces invadans, the causative agent of epizootic ulcerative syndrome. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 59: 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-017-0347-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-017-0347-3
Mayer I, Pšenička M (2024) Conservation of teleost fishes: Application of reproductive technologies. Theriogenology Wild 4: 100078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100078 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.therwi.2024.100078
Minor KL, Anderson VL, Davis KS, Van Den Berg AH, Christie JS, Löbach L, et al. (2014) A putative serine protease, SpSsp1, from Saprolegnia parasitica is recognised by sera of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fungal Biology 118: 630–639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2014.04.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2014.04.008
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. BMJ (Online) 339: 332–336. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2535 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2535
Oidtmann BC, Thrush MA, Denham KL, Peeler EJ (2011) International and national biosecurity strategies in aquatic animal health. Aquaculture 320: 22–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.07.032 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.07.032
Overy DP, Overy DP, Groman D, Giles J, Duffy S, Rommens M, et al. (2015) Exophiala angulospora causes systemic mycosis in atlantic halibut: A case report. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 27: 12–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/08997659.2014.953266 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08997659.2014.953266
Pavić D, Grbin D, Hudina S, Prosenc Zmrzljak U, Miljanović A, Košir R, Varga F, et al. (2022). Tracing the oomycete pathogen Saprolegnia parasitica in aquaculture and the environment. Scientific Reports 12: 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16553-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16553-0
Peh JH, Azra MN (2025) A global review of ornamental fish and shellfish research. Aquaculture, 596: 741719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741719 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741719
Rzeszutek E, Díaz-Moreno SM, Bulone V (2019) Identification and Characterization of the Chitin Synthase Genes From the Fish Pathogen Saprolegnia parasitica. Frontiers in Microbiology 10: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02873 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02873
Saengsitthisak B, Punyapornwithaya V, Chaisri W, Mektrirat R, Bernard JK, et al. (2021) The current state of biosecurity and welfare of ornamental fish population in pet fish stores in chiang mai province, thailand. Veterinary Integrative Sciences 19: 277–294. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12982/VIS.2021.025
Sandoval-Sierra JV, Latif-Eugenin F, Martín MP, Zaror L, Diéguez-Uribeondo J (2014) Saprolegnia species affecting the salmonid aquaculture in Chile and their associations with fish developmental stage. Aquaculture 434: 462–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.09.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.09.005
Saraiva M, Beckmann MJ, Pflaum S, Pearson M, Carcajona D, Treasurer JW, et al. (2019) Exophiala angulospora infection in hatchery-reared lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) broodstock. Journal of Fish Diseases 42: 335–343. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12940 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12940
Saraiva M, De Bruijn I, Grenville-Briggs L, McLaggan D, Willems A, Bulone V, et al. (2014) Functional characterization of a tyrosinase gene from the oomycete Saprolegnia parasitica by RNAi silencing. Fungal Biology 118: 621–629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2014.01.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2014.01.011
Sarowar MN, Hossain MJ, Nasrin T, Naznin T, Hossain Z, Rahman MM (2019) Molecular identification of oomycete species affecting aquaculture in Bangladesh. Aquaculture and Fisheries 4: 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaf.2018.12.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaf.2018.12.003
Savaya A, Glassner H, Livne-Luzon S, Chishinski R, Molcho J, Aflalo ED, et al. (2020) Prawn monosex populations as biocontrol agents for snail vectors of fish parasites. Aquaculture 520: 1–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735016
Shabir U, Dar JS, Bhat AH, Ganai BA, Khan IA (2022) Isolation and characterization of β-defensin-like protein 1 from epidermal mucus of fungal infected fish (Cyprinus carpio) and assessment of its antimicrobial potencies. Aquaculture Reports 23: 101056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101056 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101056
Sharmin F, Rahman M, Shahjahan M, Chowdhury P (2020) Study of growth and productions of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) on different population densities in monoculture. International Journal of Agricultural Research 9: 76–83. https://doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v9i2.45414 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v9i2.45414
Silva Brito R, Canedo A, Farias D, Rocha TL (2022) Transgenic zebrafish (Danio rerio) as an emerging model system in ecotoxicology and toxicology: Historical review, recent advances, and trends. Science of the Total Environment, 848: 157665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157665 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157665
Singh M, Saha RK, Saha H, Parhi J (2018) Effect of miconazole nitrate on immunological response and its preventive efficacy in Labeo rohita fingerlings against oomycetes Saprolegnia parasitica. Journal of Fish Diseases 41: 1539–1548. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12862 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12862
Soto E, Fast MD, Purcell SL, Denver Coleman D, Yazdi Z, Kenelty K, et al. (2022) Expression of immune markers of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) during Veronaea botryosa infection at different temperatures. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part D: Genomics and Proteomics 41: 100950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100950 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100950
Srivastava V, Rezinciuc S, Bulone V (2018) Quantitative proteomic analysis of four developmental stages of Saprolegnia parasitica. Frontiers in Microbiology 8: 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02658 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02658
Tedesco P, Saraiva M, Sandoval-Sierra JV, Alves MT, Galuppi R, Dieguez-Uribeondo J, et al. (2022) Impact of abiotic factors and husbandry on saprolegniosis in salmonid farms. Aquaculture 561: 738679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738679 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738679
Tedesco P, Saraiva M, Sandoval-Sierra JV, Fioravanti ML, Morandi B, Dieguez-Uribeondo J, et al. (2021) Evaluation of potential transfer of the pathogen Saprolegnia parasitica between farmed salmonids and wild fish. Pathogens 10: 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10080926 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10080926
Wanja DW, Mbuthia PG, Waruiru RM, Mwadime JM, Bebora LC, Nyaga PN, et al. (2020) Fish Husbandry Practices and Water Quality in Central Kenya: Potential Risk Factors for Fish Mortality and Infectious Diseases. Veterinary Medicine International 2020: 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6839354 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6839354
Zulbainarni N, Megawati L (2019) Cost of Biosecurity Application: Comparing Aquaculture System and fish health in Traditional Fish Farm. Advances in Health Sciences Research 19: 98–99. https://doi.org/10.2991/isessah-19.2019.27 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/isessah-19.2019.27
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Tropical Aquaculture
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
