Control of horizontal transmission of white spot syndrome virus by ultraviolet light

Pablo González-Alanis; Kevin M  Fitzsimmons; Maria de la Luz Vazquez Sauceda; Flaviano Benavidez González; Ana Lucía Urbizu González; Jesus Humberto Reyna Fuentes

doi:10.19136/ta.a3n1.5750

Autores/as

Pablo González-Alanis Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia “Dr Norberto Treviño Zapata” Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas , Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia “Dr Norberto Treviño Zapata” Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas
Kevin M Fitzsimmons
Maria de la Luz Vazquez Sauceda
Flaviano Benavidez González
Ana Lucía Urbizu González
Jesus Humberto Reyna Fuentes

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19136/ta.a3n1.5750

Palabras clave:

WSSV, bioseguridad, acuicultura, patógenos, camarón del Pacífico

Resumen

Las enfermedades bacterianas y virales son problemas comunes en la acuicultura. El uso de sistemas de flujo continuo suele suponer un riesgo de contaminación por la introducción de microorganismos patógenos, lo que da lugar a enfermedades que causan daños económicos al sector. El virus del síndrome de la mancha blanca (WSSV) provoca una enfermedad en los camarones responsable de pérdidas económicas considerables en muchos países. El presente estudio se llevó a cabo para determinar si el camarón indicador libre de patógenos específicos (SPF) podía contraer el WSSV del flujo de agua infectada tras el tratamiento con luz ultravioleta: camarones L. vannamei libres de patógenos específicos, con un peso medio de 2,5 g, se aclimataron a agua de mar artificial 25 UPS. Una vez aclimatados, se distribuyeron en cuatro pares de tanques (20 por tanque). Cada par de tanques tenía un tanque infectado por per os y otro expuesto al agua del tanque infectado. El flujo de agua del tanque infectado por per os se bombeaba al tanque no infectado y regresaba al tanque infectado por gravedad. Dos pares de tanques tenían luz ultravioleta (G15T8) para irradiar el flujo de agua antes de pasar al tanque no infectado. Los otros dos pares de tanques (grupo de control) no tenían irradiación de luz ultravioleta en el agua recirculada. Los camarones moribundos y muertos se recogieron y se congelaron para determinar si estaban infectados con WSSV mediante PCR. Después de 12 días con los camarones, los tanques expuestos al agua contaminada con WSSV y tratados con UV no presentaron ninguna mortalidad. El agua contaminada con WSSV y no tratada con UV dio lugar a un número significativo de camarones infectados con WSSV y muertos. Este estudio demostró que es posible eliminar la transmisión del WSSV tratando el agua con UV.

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